Environmentally Friendly Vehicles Ielts Reading Answers -

To make something less severe, serious, or painful.

This article provides the complete answer key, detailed passage explanations, and strategic insights to help you achieve a Band 7+ on this text.

The system that generates electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is explicitly named the fuel cell . environmentally friendly vehicles ielts reading answers

Found in Paragraph C: "Moreover, the majority of hydrogen produced today is 'grey hydrogen,' extracted from natural gas..." 9. Answer: Life Cycle Assessment / LCA

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is often touted as the ultimate solution to urban air pollution. Unlike conventional cars, EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions. However, critics argue that the environmental benefits are diminished if the electricity grid is powered by coal. Furthermore, the mining of lithium and cobalt for batteries presents new ecological challenges. Despite this, advancements in battery technology, such as solid-state batteries, promise to increase range and reduce charging time, making green vehicles more practical for the average consumer. To make something less severe, serious, or painful

* 21 Passage 3 - Environmentally-Friendly Vehicles Q27-40. The passage discusses the history of environmentally friendly vehicles. Scribd IELTS Reading passage 3: Environmentally-friendly! vehicles

The text states: "...the environmental benefits are diminished if the electricity grid is powered by coal," implying they are not always cleaner. lithium and cobalt. (Extracted directly from the text). Found in Paragraph C: "Moreover, the majority of

– Paragraph F indicates: "The Prius was marketed between the smaller Corolla and the larger Camry."

Explanation: While the passage discusses the "long tailpipe" effect (how electricity is generated), it mentions that the grid relies heavily on a mix of fossil fuels and renewables, without explicitly stating that most of it comes from solar energy. 2. Core Themes of the Passage

The automakers were accused of pandering to the wishes of CARB in order to continue to be allowed to sell cars in the lucrative Californian market, while failing to adequately promote their electric vehicles to create the impression that consumers were not interested in the cars, all the while joining oil industry lobbyists in vigorously protesting CARB's mandate. GM's program came under particular scrutiny; in an unusual move, consumers were not allowed to purchase EV1s but were instead asked to sign closed-end leases, meaning the cars had to be returned to GM at the end of the lease period, with no option to purchase, despite lesser interest in continuing to own the cars. Chrysler, Toyota, and a group of GM dealers sued CARB in Federal court, leading to the eventual neutering of CARB's ZEV Mandate.

A reference to the geographical and political urgency of shifting away from traditional engines.